In-pipe hydro systems are micro hydro turbines with a power generation capacity of up to 100kW, used to generate power/ conduct electricity from pipe water. They harness the untapped and wasted energy of flowing water from the urban water distribution system. In-pipe hydro systems have demonstrated a huge potential to become a major alternative for small-scale residential and commercial energy requirements in the future, primarily due to their low setting up costs and land requirement as opposed to large-scale hydroelectric power plants, wind farms, and solar farms. Moreover, they have zero to little environmental impact.
Growing urbanization and emphasis on smart cities in developing countries besides the subsequent demand for energy, and the need to fulfil it in clean and eco-friendly ways are the factors expected to propel the in-pipe hydro systems market. Furthermore, developed metro cities are shifting toward these systems to supply tap water to high rise buildings and power metering devices, drainage systems, and heating & cooling systems. Their installation can be integrated with the pipe replacement, rehabilitation, and maintenance of the existing water distribution and sewer systems. The most challenging, crucial, and time-consuming phase in this entire process is location selection, on which the overall performance is dependent. This puts a restraint on the in-pipe hydro system market. Moreover, the use of water in sewage system is steadily declining across the globe thereby creating sludge density issues.
Based on design, in-pipe hydro systems are divided into internal and external categories. The former is more compact, can generate power ranging from a mere 5 W up to 100 kW, and is available in a range of pipe diameter-centered varieties such as in-line impellers, hydro coils, and Gorlov vertical axis turbines. The external systems, on the other hand, are equipped with specialized conduits for intake and outlet of water, owing to which they have a larger space requirement. Retrofitting them in the existing water grid is also not always suitable and hence avoided. In terms of distribution system, the market can be split into the (drinking) water and sewage water segments, while application-based divisions include urban (powering water flow and controlling metering stations located away from the electrical grid), building (pumping), and others.
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Geographically, the in-pipe hydro system market is distributed over Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. With an increasing number of metro cities shifting toward eco-friendly and green alternatives, the concept of integrating in-pipe hydro systems into the original water grids is gradually being explored. Europe and North America dominate the market, while Asia Pacific and Latin America are also evolving and exhibit significant potential.
The growing demand for in-pipe hydro systems has encouraged numerous companies to venture into the market. Key players include LucidEnergy, Leviatan Energy Hydroelectric LLC., Toshiba Corporation Power Systems & Services Company, and Xinda Green Energy Co.,Limited.
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