Growing power demand coupled with rising concerns over curbing transmission related losses are likely to boost the demand for Extra High Voltage (EHV) transmission systems in the future. The exact voltage requirement for qualifying as an EHV transmission system varies regionally; however in most regions the 765 KV voltage class is considered as EHV. With increasingly stringent emission regulations being implemented around the world, there are multiple clearances required by generating companies before constructing a power plant. In most cases large power plants are located very far away from actual demand centers and kept closer to the fuel supply center. This inevitably results in the requirement for large quantities of power to be transmitted over long distances to the actual demand centers.
This is one of the key demand drivers for the EHV transmission systems market. When power is transmitted through long distances, it generally results in heavy power losses with only a fraction of the original generation reaching the end user. With depleting fossil fuel reserves and growing concerns over energy security, it is imperative to reduce any form of power wastage to a minimum. EHV transmission systems go a long way in ensuring this.
For reducing power losses, it is always better to increase voltage rather than current intensity. EHV transmission systems also allow larger volumes of power to be transported from one place to another. Large power utilities around the world are increasingly opting for large scale EHV transmission systems to cater efficiently to the growing power demand. The establishment of national grids around the globe is also a major driving factor for the demand of EHV transmission systems. The requirement of robust grid interconnections and adequate power evacuation capacity between regions can only be achieved through the deployment of highly efficient EHV transmission systems. There are multiple possibilities of segmenting the EHV transmission systems. Firstly they can be segmented on the basis of overhead and underground wires. Although a vast majority of the EHV transmission systems market is comprised of overhead wires, small market penetration of underground wires can also be observed in the future.
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The type of transmission system used can be segmented further as HVDC and HVAC systems. While HVAC is the preferred choice by multiple utilities, the sheer bulk of power transmission requirements being observed nowadays is leading to growth in the HVDC market. Although HVDC has a higher initial capital expenditure, the costs are justified in the long term owing to the volume of power it is capable of transmitting. The EHV transmission systems can also be segmented on the basis of system type as transmission towers and substation equipments. Installation of EHV transmission systems requires unique transmission tower specifications in terms of height and number of conductors among others. Similarly the type of EHV transmission systems being installed will also have an impact on the type of substation that will be required to step-up, step down or switching purposes.
The largest market for EHV transmission systems currently is Asia Pacific. Rapid growth in power demand coupled with large power losses has resulted in utilities opting for EHV solutions. This is followed by the Middle East & African market. Other attractive markets include Latin America and North America. Some of the major market players in the EHV transmission systems industry include Alstom, ABB Ltd., Siemens, General Electric Company, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., Hitachi, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. and Crompton Greaves Ltd.
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